Why XRP, Stellar and TRON make you pay to open a wallet
You install a wallet, share your address, a friend sends you a few dollars of XRP โ and nothing arrives. Or it arrives, but part of it is locked and cannot be sent. This is not a bug: several popular networks charge for the right to exist on the ledger.
Account reserves: XRP and Stellar
On the XRP Ledger an account must hold a base reserve of 1 XRP before it exists; a smaller transfer to a new address fails. Each token line, offer or other object you add locks another 0.2 XRP. Stellar works the same way: a minimum balance of 1 XLM, plus 0.5 XLM for every trustline or offer.
The reason is spam protection. Every validator stores every account forever, so the ledger makes you keep a deposit.
Activation fees: TRON
A brand-new TRON address must be activated, which burns about 1 TRX. Moving USDT (TRC-20) also costs "energy", paid in TRX if you have none staked โ today โ$9.41 in TRX energy. A friend who receives USDT on TRON cannot move it until they buy TRX.
Existential deposits: Polkadot
Polkadot requires every account to keep a minimum balance, the existential deposit. If a balance drops below it, the account is removed and the remainder is lost.
Rent: Solana
Solana accounts must hold a small rent-exempt balance โ โ0.001 SOL rent for a new account (โ$0.11) โ and every token needs its own token account, which also costs rent.
Gas: Ethereum, BNB Chain, Avalanche
No reserve, but every move needs the native coin. Receiving USDC on Ethereum is free; sending it on requires ETH.
No reserve at all: Nano
Nano has no reserve, no activation, no rent and no gas: a brand-new address can receive any amount and send it on right away. That is why a gift of a few cents works on Nano and fails almost everywhere else. Compare every coin on one page, or get a free Nano gift and see it yourself.